Occupations that foreigners can work in Japan

Foreigners living in Japan have some kind of status of residence.
Status of residence is divided into statuses of residence for foreigners based on status or position and statuses of residence for foreginer based on activity in which one engages.
The former includes "Permanent Resident", "Spouse or Child of Japanese National", "Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident" and "Long-Term Resident", and examples of the latter include "Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services".
Of these, if you have a status of residence for foreigners based on your status or position, there are no work restrictions, so you can work as a waitress at a restaurant or as a factory worker.
On the other hand, status of residence for foreginer based on activity in which one engages does not allow you to work as a waitress or factory worker.
This is because the status of residence for foreginer based on activity in which one engages aims to accept foreign nationals with technical expertise and specialized abilities based on foreign cultures.
Therefore, foreigners are not allowed to work in jobs that do not require such expertise.
In addition, in the case of ”Specified Skilled Worke", although it is limited to 12 fields, it is possible to work in work that is not permitted with the status of residence of "Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services".